THROUGH NU SHANG, the recluse Hsu Wu kuei obtained an interview with Marquis Wu of Wei. Marquis Wu greeted him with words of comfort, saying, "Sir, you are not well. I suppose that the hardships of life in the mountain forests have become too much for you, and so at last you have consented to come and visit me."
"I am the one who should be comforting you!" said Hsu Wu kuei. "What reason have you to comfort me? If you try to fulfill all your appetites and desires and indulge your likes and dislikes, then you bring affliction to the true form of your inborn nature and fate. And if you try to deny your appetites and desires and forcibly change your likes and dislikes, then you bring affliction to your ears and eyes. It is my place to comfort you what reason have you to comfort me!" Marquis Wu, looking very put out, made no reply.
After a little while, Hsu Wu kuei said, "Let me try telling you about the way I judge dogs. A dog of the lowest quality thinks only of catching its fill of prey that is, it has the nature of a wildcat. One of middling quality seems always to be looking up at the sun.1 But one of the highest quality acts as though it had lost its own identity. And I'm even better at judging horses than I am at judging dogs.
When I judge a horse, if he can gallop as straight as a plumb line, arc as neat as a curve, turn as square as a T square, and round as true as a compass, then I'd say he was a horse for the kingdom to boast of. But not a horse for the whole world to boast of. A horse the whole world can boast of his talents are already complete. He seems dazed, he seems lost, he seems to have become unaware of his own identity, and in this way he overtakes, passes, and leaves the others behind in the dust. You can't tell where he's gone to!" Marquis Wu, greatly pleased, burst out laughing.
When Hsu Wu kuei emerged from the interview, Nu Shang said, "Sir, may I ask what you were talking to our ruler about? When I talk to him, I talk to him back and forth about the Odes and Documents, about ritual and music; and then I talk to him up and down about the Golden Tablets and the Six Bow cases.2 I have made proposals that led to outstanding success in more cases than can be counted, and yet he never so much as bared his teeth in a smile. Now what were you talking to him about that you managed to delight him in this fashion?" Hsu Wu kuei said, "I was merely explaining to him how I judge dogs and horses, that was all." "Was that all?" said Nu Shang.
"Haven't you ever heard about the men who are exiled to Yueh?'' said Hsu Wu kuei. "A few days after they have left their homelands, they are delighted if they come across an old acquaintance. When a few weeks or a month have passed, they are delighted if they come across someone they had known by sight when they were at home. And by the time a year has passed, they are delighted if they come across someone who even looks as though he might be a countryman.
The longer they are away from their countrymen, the more deeply they long for them isn't that it? A man who has fled into the wilderness, where goosefoot and woodbine tangle the little trails of the polecat and the weasel, and has lived there in emptiness and isolation for a long time, will be delighted if he hears so much as the rustle of a human footfall. And how much more so if he hears his own brothers and kin chattering and laughing at his side! It has been a long time, I think, since one who speaks like a True Man has sat chattering and laughing at our ruler's side."
xú wú ɡuǐ yīn nǚ shānɡ jiàn wèi wǔ hóu , wǔ hóu láo zhī yuē : “ xiān shenɡ bìnɡ yǐ ! kǔ yú shān lín zhī láo , ɡù nǎi kěn jiàn yú ɡuǎ rén 。 ”
徐 无 鬼 因 女 商 见 魏 武 侯 , 武 侯 劳 之 曰 : “ 先 生 病 矣 ! 苦 于 山 林 之 劳 , 故 乃 肯 见 于 寡 人 。 ”
xú wú ɡuǐ yuē : “ wǒ zé láo yú jūn , jūn yǒu hé láo yú wǒ ? jūn jiānɡ yínɡ qí yù , chánɡ hǎo wù , zé xìnɡ mìnɡ zhī qínɡ bìnɡ yǐ ;
徐 无 鬼 曰 : “ 我 则 劳 于 君 , 君 有 何 劳 于 我 ? 君 将 盈 耆 欲 , 长 好 恶 , 则 性 命 之 情 病 矣 ;
jūn jiānɡ chù qí yù , qiān hǎo wù , zé ěr mù bìnɡ yǐ 。 wǒ jiānɡ láo jūn , jūn yǒu hé láo yú wǒ ? ” wǔ hóu chāo rán bú duì 。
君 将 黜 耆 欲 , 掔 好 恶 , 则 耳 目 病 矣 。 我 将 劳 君 , 君 有 何 劳 于 我 ? ” 武 侯 超 然 不 对 。
shǎo yān , xú wú ɡuǐ yuē : “ chánɡ yǔ jūn , wú xiānɡ ɡǒu yě 。 xià zhī zhì , zhí bǎo ér zhǐ , shì lí dé yě ;
少 焉 , 徐 无 鬼 曰 : “ 尝 语 君 , 吾 相 狗 也 。 下 之 质 , 执 饱 而 止 , 是 狸 德 也 ;
zhōnɡ zhī zhì , ruò shì rì ; shànɡ zhī zhì , ruò wánɡ qí yī 。 wú xiānɡ ɡǒu , yòu bú ruò wú xiànɡ mǎ yě 。
中 之 质 , 若 视 日 ; 上 之 质 , 若 亡 其 一 。 吾 相 狗 , 又 不 若 吾 相 马 也 。
wú xiànɡ mǎ , zhí zhě zhōnɡ shénɡ , qǔ zhě zhōnɡ ɡōu , fānɡ zhě zhōnɡ jǔ , yuán zhě zhōnɡ ɡuī , shì ɡuó mǎ yě , ér wèi ruò tiān xià mǎ yě 。
吾 相 马 , 直 者 中 绳 , 曲 者 中 钩 , 方 者 中 矩 , 圆 者 中 规 , 是 国 马 也 , 而 未 若 天 下 马 也 。
tiān xià mǎ yǒu chénɡ cái , ruò xù ruò shī , ruò sànɡ qí yī ,
天 下 马 有 成 材 , 若 恤 若 失 , 若 丧 其 一 ,
ruò shì zhě , chāo yì jué chén , bù zhī qí suǒ 。 ” wǔ hóu dà yuè ér xiào 。
若 是 者 , 超 轶 绝 尘 , 不 知 其 所 。 ” 武 侯 大 悦 而 笑 。
xú wú ɡuǐ chū , nǚ shānɡ yuē : “ xiān shenɡ dú hé yǐ shuō wú jūn hū ?
徐 无 鬼 出 , 女 商 曰 : “ 先 生 独 何 以 说 吾 君 乎 ?
wú suó yǐ shuō wú jūn zhě , hénɡ shuō zhī zé yǐ 《 shī 》 、 《 shū 》 、 《 lǐ 》 、 《 lè 》 ,
吾 所 以 说 吾 君 者 , 横 说 之 则 以 《 诗 》 、 《 书 》 、 《 礼 》 、 《 乐 》 ,
cónɡ shuō zhī zé yǐ jīn bǎn 、 liù tāo , fènɡ shì ér dà yǒu ɡōnɡ zhě bù kě wéi shù , ér wú jūn wèi chánɡ qí chǐ 。
从 说 之 则 以 金 板 、 六 弢 , 奉 事 而 大 有 功 者 不 可 为 数 , 而 吾 君 未 尝 启 齿 。
jīn xiān shenɡ hé yǐ shuō wú jūn , shǐ wú jūn shuō ruò cǐ hū ? ” xú wú ɡuǐ yuē : “ wú zhí ɡào zhī wú xiānɡ ɡǒu mǎ ěr 。 ”
今 先 生 何 以 说 吾 君 , 使 吾 君 说 若 此 乎 ? ” 徐 无 鬼 曰 : “ 吾 直 告 之 吾 相 狗 马 耳 。 ”
nǚ shānɡ yuē : “ ruò shì hū ” ? yuē : “ zǐ bù wén fū yuè zhī liú rén hū ? qù ɡuó shù rì , jiàn qí suǒ zhī ér xǐ ;
女 商 曰 : “ 若 是 乎 ” ? 曰 : “ 子 不 闻 夫 越 之 流 人 乎 ? 去 国 数 日 , 见 其 所 知 而 喜 ;
qù ɡuó xún yuè , jiàn qí suǒ chánɡ jiàn yú ɡuó zhōnɡ zhě xǐ ; jí jī nián yě , jiàn sì rén zhě ér xǐ yǐ 。
去 国 旬 月 , 见 其 所 尝 见 于 国 中 者 喜 ; 及 期 年 也 , 见 似 人 者 而 喜 矣 。
bú yì qù rén zī jiǔ , sī rén zī shēn hū ! fū táo xū kōnɡ zhě , lí 、 diào zhù hū shēnɡ 、 yòu zhī jìnɡ ,
不 亦 去 人 滋 久 , 思 人 滋 深 乎 ! 夫 逃 虚 空 者 , 藜 、 藋 柱 乎 鼪 、 鼬 之 迳 ,
liánɡ wèi qí kōnɡ , wén rén zú yīn qiónɡ rán ér xǐ yǐ , ér kuànɡ hū xiōnɡ di qīn qi zhī qǐnɡ hāi qí cè zhě hū !
踉 位 其 空 , 闻 人 足 音 跫 然 而 喜 矣 , 而 况 乎 兄 弟 亲 戚 之 謦 咳 其 侧 者 乎 !
jiǔ yǐ fū ! mò yǐ zhēn rén zhī yán qǐnɡ hāi wú jūn zhī cè hū ! ”
久 矣 夫 ! 莫 以 真 人 之 言 謦 咳 吾 君 之 侧 乎 ! ”
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